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Chapter Five

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1951 - 1957
 
1951
Admiral Grace Murray Hopper invents the first compiler

U.S. Army Photo
1952
The EDVAC, the first stored-program computer, is operational
 
1952
IBM introduces the IBM 701
1953
The IBM 650 Magnetic Drum Calculator is introduced, mass produced, and becomes the best selling computer of the 1950s.
1954
Earl Masterson at Univac introduces his Uniprinter, a line printer that prints 600 lines per minute

Courtesy of Texas Instruments
1954
Texas Instruments develops the world's first silicon transistor
 
1956-57
The RAMAC, random-access method of accounting and control, is introduced by IBM for hard disk data storage

Courtesy of Joseph Mehling, Dartmouth College Photographer

1957
The concept of artificial intelligence is developed at Dartmouth College
 
1957
John Backus debuts the first Fortran compiler
1957
John McCarthy founds MIT's Artificial Intelligence Department
1957
The first computer-controlled launch of the Atlas Missile takes place.

NASA Photo

1957
Russia launches Sputnik I into orbit

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