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Chapter One

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300 BC - 1868

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3000 BC
The precursor to today's wire-and-bead abacus was invented in Babylonia
 
1612-1614
John Napier conceives "Napier's Bones," ivory rods that serve as an early calculator
1622
The slide rule is invented by the great mathematician William Oughtred
1642-1643
Blaise Pascal invents the Pascalene, one of the first mechanical calculators
 
1801
Joseph Jacquard develops a punch-card-controlled loom that uses binary automation
1820
The first mass-produced calculator, the Thomas Arithmometer, is introduced to the world
1822
Charles Babbage formulates his design for the Difference Engine, a machine that automatically computes mathematical tables

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1842-1843
Augusta Ada Byron earns her designation as the first computer programmer with her notes on the analytical engine
 
1844
Samuel F.B. Morse successfully transmits the telegraph message "What Hath God Wrought!" across a wire from Washington D.C. to Baltimore
1854
George Boole's famous paper "An Investigation of the Laws of Thought" is published
1858
The first transatlantic telegraphic communication takes place

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1868
Christopher Sholes creates the QWERTY keyboard for the early typewriter

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